X-Ray Machines

Types

• Fixed X-ray unit — installed in a shielded room, in ratings from 100 mA to 800 mA and above for general radiography.
• Mobile X-ray unit — wheeled unit for use at the bedside in wards and ICUs.
• Portable X-ray unit — light, handheld or tripod system for camps and small clinics.
• Digital radiography (DR or CR) systems — detector-based systems that produce digital images instead of film.
• Dental X-ray (intra-oral and OPG) — compact units for dental clinics.
• C-arm — used in operation theatres for live imaging.

What to check before buying

• AERB type approval for the model and licence requirements for operating it; the buyer must register and obtain a licence for the facility.
• CDSCO registration status where applicable to the device.
• Generator rating in kVp and mA matched to the examinations you plan.
• Room layout, lead shielding and radiation protection needs, including a qualified radiological safety officer.
• Image receptor type, software, DICOM output and storage.
• Installation, applicator and operator training, warranty, AMC and a GST invoice.

Who buys them

Hospitals, nursing homes, diagnostic centres, dental clinics, NGOs running health camps and government health facilities.

Frequently asked questions

What rating of X-ray machine do I need?

A 100 to 300 mA unit suits small clinics for limbs and chest, while 500 mA or more suits busier hospitals. Ask a radiologist or supplier to match the rating to your cases.

Does an X-ray room need special construction?

Yes. Walls, doors and windows need shielding as per the AERB-approved layout.

What is the difference between CR and DR?

CR uses reusable cassettes that are scanned, while DR captures images directly on a detector and is faster.